polling out the genoa is easy, while having a spinnaker pole is a lot of cost and effort, rigging, etc.). The question then is, if I have an eighties boat (Hunter 31) and my downwind performance is lacking, what is best for me? Get a spinnaker and learn how to manage it single handed or get an asymmetric and gybe downwind? Not only in terms of speed but also in terms of handling, cost to install (i.e. Then people realized that if you have a flatter stern and sufficient power you develop more speed and better VMG downwind when broad reaching, so now you have a number of asymmetric/code 0 whatever sails that maximize the broad reaching speed. Instead of having one heavy genoa, now you have a small jib for upwind work and an asymmetric for broad reaching. Spinnakers went out of favor because they are too much work. The jib became an upwind sail only and most of the drive was coming from the main. Then people realized one sail weight is not enough for all wind speeds/angles, so they moved the rig forward, making it a fractional rig with smaller jibs. The 155% genoa was/is a versatile sail for those rigs. They would typically use spinnakers for downwind sailing. The way I understand it is:īoats from the eighties had a mast head rig, multiple jibs/genoa's and relatively small mains. I am not trying to steal the thread but it could be helpful to all of us if someone could give a historical perspective on sail plans. Thank you, it is very helpful to understand the evolution of the sail plans and the reasons all these sails were developed. It's always a design trade off between powerful (big and deep camber) vs pointing (smaller and shallower camber).įor race sails, the sail designer has more constraints due to racing rules. For the latter, we make them bigger and fuller and they can fly at slightly lower angles, because the genoa is adequate for pointing high in medium breezes. For the former, we make them smaller and flatter and design them to fly as close as AWA of approx 30-35, because the jib is frequently inadequate. ![]() BTW, we can design custom design cruising code zeros differently for boats with non-overlapping headsails than for those with overlapping headsails. So, if you can make a code zero that is big enough and powerful enough to really move the boat faster in light winds, you'll be fast. than you would using the genoa at 45* TWA. How fast do you need to sail to get upwind faster than using your genoa with a 45 TWA? Here's the answer: if you can get the boat going about 25% faster at 55* using the code zero rather than the genoa, you will get to your upwind destination sooner. It will not point as high as a genoa, but it will make the boat sail fast on a close reach.įor example, let's say your code zero will only point as high as 55* degrees TWA. ![]() If your Catalina 310 has an overlapping genoa (approx 125%-ish), the code zero will generally be about 1.5 times the size of the genoa. If your boat speed is really fast at 55 TWA, you'll get there before the other guys who are pointing higher but at lower speeds.ĭifferent rigs use different shaped and sized Cruising Code Zeros. If you are sailing really slowly at 45 TWA, your progress to your upwind destination is slow. What really matters, though, is VMG upwind (velocity made good), not TWA. That's good performance for a cruising boat using a genoa or jib to get upwind. With a genoa and enough power and boat speed, 45 TWA corresponds to around 30 degrees apparent wind angle. ![]() That's how high a cruiser can point with a tightly sheeted. Click to expandExpecting to sail at 45 degrees TWA for a Code Zero is not realistic.
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